data_source_segura.csvFarmletStringdefaultN/AGreenFactor with 3 levels: Green, Blue, Red. Describes the treatment on the North Wyke Farm Platform, see p1 of https://doi.org/10.23637/rothamsted.98y1x data_source_segura.csvField.IDStringdefaultN/ANW005Unique ID of Field on the North Wyke Farm Platform. See p21 of https://doi.org/10.23637/rothamsted.98y1x data_source_segura.csvField.NameStringdefaultN/ABottom BurrowsUnique Field name on the North Wyke Farm Platform. See p21 of . https://doi.org/10.23637/rothamsted.98y1x data_source_segura.csvyrDatedefaultYYYY1995Calendar year data_source_segura.csvESPI.month1NumberdefaultMJ m-2 d-10.692023794Ecosystem Services Provision Index in month 1 (January), calculated using the amount of incoming radiation absorbed by active growing vegetation (APARg). data_source_segura.csvESPI.month2NumberdefaultMJ m-2 d-11.48243149Ecosystem Services Provision Index in month 2 (February), calculated using the amount of incoming radiation absorbed by active growing vegetation (APARg). data_source_segura.csvESPI.month3NumberdefaultMJ m-2 d-11.671162218Ecosystem Services Provision Index in month 3 (March), calculated using the amount of incoming radiation absorbed by active growing vegetation (APARg). data_source_segura.csvESPI.month4NumberdefaultMJ m-2 d-19.68374707Ecosystem Services Provision Index in month 4 (April), calculated using the amount of incoming radiation absorbed by active growing vegetation (APARg). data_source_segura.csvESPI.month5NumberdefaultMJ m-2 d-16.93887537Ecosystem Services Provision Index in month 5 (May), calculated using the amount of incoming radiation absorbed by active growing vegetation (APARg). data_source_segura.csvESPI.month6NumberdefaultMJ m-2 d-110.80573977Ecosystem Services Provision Index in month 6 (June), calculated using the amount of incoming radiation absorbed by active growing vegetation (APARg). data_source_segura.csvESPI.month7NumberdefaultMJ m-2 d-17.745175137Ecosystem Services Provision Index in month 7 (July), calculated using the amount of incoming radiation absorbed by active growing vegetation (APARg). data_source_segura.csvESPI.month8NumberdefaultMJ m-2 d-14.6846105Ecosystem Services Provision Index in month 8 (August), calculated using the amount of incoming radiation absorbed by active growing vegetation (APARg). data_source_segura.csvESPI.month9NumberdefaultMJ m-2 d-13.562241249Ecosystem Services Provision Index in month 9 (September), calculated using the amount of incoming radiation absorbed by active growing vegetation (APARg). data_source_segura.csvESPI.month10NumberdefaultMJ m-2 d-12.439871998Ecosystem Services Provision Index in month 10 (October), calculated using the amount of incoming radiation absorbed by active growing vegetation (APARg). data_source_segura.csvESPI.month11NumberdefaultMJ m-2 d-11.351329144Ecosystem Services Provision Index in month 11 (November), using the amount of incoming radiation absorbed by active growing vegetation (APARg). data_source_segura.csvESPI.month12NumberdefaultMJ m-2 d-10.691977503Ecosystem Services Provision Index in month 12 (December), calculated using the amount of incoming radiation absorbed by active growing vegetation (APARg). data_source_segura.csvcount.Prop.MAR.OCT.IntegerdefaultN/A0.75http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000047CountProportion of months March to October with ESPI data data_source_segura.csvmean.MAR.OCTNumberdefaultMJ m-2 d-16.03Mean Ecosystem Services Provision Index for March-October, calculated from the relevant monthly values data_source_segura.csvstdev.MAR.OCTNumberdefaultMJ m-2 d-13.08Ecosystem Services Provision Index standard deviation for March-October, calculated from the relevant monthly values data_source_segura.csvESPI.MAR.OCTNumberdefaultMJ m-2 d-12.95Ecosystem Services Provision Index for March to October, calculated as the difference between mean.MAR.OCT and stdev.MAR.OCT. Named as ESPI in the manuscript Segura et al. 2023 data_source_segura.csvcount.of.TC.allIntegerdefaultN/A6http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000047CountCount of months with soil total carbon data for the period January-December data_source_segura.csvmean.TC.allNumberdefault% DM4.200166667http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_09000008; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MS_1002962concentration of carbon atom in soil; meanMean soil total carbon measured at 0-10 cm soil depth in the soil surveys from January to December period. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016). Note that TC is referred to as soil organic carbon (SOC) in the manuscript (Segura et al., 2023). data_source_segura.csvstdev.TC.allNumberdefault% DM0.987941985http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_09000008; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000237concentration of carbon atom in soil; standard deviationStandard deviation of the soil total carbon measured at 0-10 cm soil depth in the soil surveys from January to December period. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016). Note that TC is referred to as soil organic carbon (SOC) in the manuscript (Segura et al., 2023). data_source_segura.csvmax.TC.allNumberdefault% DM5.606http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_09000008; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000151concentration of carbon atom in soil; maximumMaximum soil total carbon measured at 0-10 cm soil depth in the soil surveys from January to December period. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016). Note that TC is referred to as soil organic carbon (SOC) in the manuscript (Segura et al., 2023). data_source_segura.csvmin.TC.allNumberdefault% DM3.289http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_09000008; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000150concentration of carbon atom in soil; minimumMinimum soil total carbon measured at 0-10 cm soil depth in the soil surveys from January to December period. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016). Note that TC is referred to as soil organic carbon (SOC) in the manuscript (Segura et al., 2023). data_source_segura.csvcount.of.TCIntegerdefaultN/A6http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000047CountCount of months with soil total carbon data for the period March-October data_source_segura.csvMEAN.TCNumberdefault% DM4.200166667http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_09000008; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MS_1002962concentration of carbon atom in soil; meanMean soil total carbon measured at 0-10 cm soil depth in the soil surveys from March to October period. Named as SOC in the main manuscript. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016). Note that TC is referred to as soil organic carbon (SOC) in the manuscript (Segura et al., 2023). data_source_segura.csvstdev.TCNumberdefault% DM0.987941985http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_09000008; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000237concentration of carbon atom in soil; standard deviationStandard deviation of the soil total carbon measured at 0-10 cm soil depth in the soil surveys from March to October period. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016). Note that TC is referred to as soil organic carbon (SOC) in the manuscript (Segura et al., 2023). data_source_segura.csvmax.TCNumberdefault% DM5.606http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_09000008; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000151concentration of carbon atom in soil; maximumMaximum soil total carbon measured at 0-10 cm soil depth in the soil surveys from March to October period. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016). Note that TC is referred to as soil organic carbon (SOC) in the manuscript (Segura et al., 2023). data_source_segura.csvmin.TCNumberdefault% DM3.289http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_09000008; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000150concentration of carbon atom in soil; minimumMinimum soil total carbon measured at 0-10 cm soil depth in the soil surveys from March to October period. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016). Note that TC is referred to as soil organic carbon (SOC) in the manuscript (Segura et al., 2023). data_source_segura.csvmain.soilStringdefaultN/AHallsworthhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00001998; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C25284soil; typeThe soil unit that covers most of the field. A soil unit is the main soil series in a given location, as explained in Harrod and Hogan (2008). Factor with 2 levels: Hallsworth, Halstow data_source_segura.csvsoil.unitsStringdefaultN/AHk_Dghttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00001998; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C25284soil; typeThe two soil units that cover the majority of the field, to provide greater detail compared with main.soil. If only one soil unit dominates, only a single unit is given. A soil unit is the main soil series in a given location, as explained in Harrod and Hogan (2008). Factor with 6 levels: Hk: Hallsworth; Hk_Dg: Hallsworth and Denbigh-Cherubeer; Hk_Fa: Hallsworth and Fladbury; HW: Halstow; Hw_Dg: Halstow and Denbigh-Cherubeer data_source_segura.csvploughingStringdefaultN/Apre ploughingFactor with 2 levels: pre ploughing and post ploughing. Permanent pasture with no ploughing are considered pre ploughing. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016) data_source_segura.csvmanagement.per.anStringdefaultN/AperennialCrop type grown. Factor with 2 levels: perennial and annual. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016). The data in this column has the same meaning as the data in the 'land.cover' column, but is presented separately due to the way it is used in the modelling (see the R script for more details). data_source_segura.csvplough.managStringdefaultN/Apre ploughing perennialFactor with 3 levels: pre ploughing perennial, post ploughing perennial, post ploughing annual. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016). Named as management in the main manuscript data_source_segura.csvaspect.meanNumberdefault302.8621636http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/AGRO_00000328; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MS_1002962Slope orientation; meanField mean aspect, where 0=N, 90=E, 180=S, 270=W data_source_segura.csvaspect.stdevNumberdefault63.44665786http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/AGRO_00000328; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000237Slope orientation; standard deviationField standard deviation aspect, where 0=N, 90=E, 180=S, 270=W data_source_segura.csvaspect.minNumberdefault11.18014622http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/AGRO_00000328; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000150Slope orientation; minimumField minimum aspect, where 0=N, 90=E, 180=S, 270=W data_source_segura.csvaspect.maxNumberdefault347.2716064http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/AGRO_00000328; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000151Slope orientation; maximumField maximum aspect, where 0=N, 90=E, 180=S, 270=W data_source_segura.csvslope.meanNumberdefault3.717941637http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002326; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MS_1002962Angle; meanField mean slope in degrees from 0 to 90 data_source_segura.csvslope.stdeNumberdefault1.749231758http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002326; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000237Angle; standard deviationField standard deviation slope in degrees from 0 to 90 data_source_segura.csvslope.minNumberdefault1.734679341http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002326; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000150Angle; minimumField minimum slope in degrees from 0 to 90 data_source_segura.csvslope.maxNumberdefault7.519984245http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002326; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000151Angle; maximumField maximum slope in degrees from 0 to 90 data_source_segura.csvTEMP1NumberdefaultC5.864516129http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/AGRO_00000631; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106180Temperature of air average monthly; JanuaryMean temperature in month 1 (January). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvTEMP2NumberdefaultC7.196428571http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/AGRO_00000631; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106181Temperature of air average monthly; FebruaryMean temperature in month 2 (February). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvTEMP3NumberdefaultC5.801612903http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/AGRO_00000631; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106182Temperature of air average monthly; MarchMean temperature in month 3 (March). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvTEMP4NumberdefaultC8.478333333http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/AGRO_00000631; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106183Temperature of air average monthly; AprilMean temperature in month 4 (April). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvTEMP5NumberdefaultC11.05483871http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/AGRO_00000631; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106184Temperature of air average monthly; MayMean temperature in month 5 (May). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvTEMP6NumberdefaultC13.76166667http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/AGRO_00000631; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106185Temperature of air average monthly; JuneMean temperature in month 6 (June). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvTEMP7NumberdefaultC17.57580645http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/AGRO_00000631; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106186Temperature of air average monthly; JulyMean temperature in month 7 (July). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvTEMP8NumberdefaultC18.92419355http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/AGRO_00000631; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106187Temperature of air average monthly; AugustMean temperature in month 8 (August). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvTEMP9NumberdefaultC13.48166667http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/AGRO_00000631; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106188Temperature of air average monthly; SeptemberMean temperature in month 9 (September). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvTEMP10NumberdefaultC13.21774194http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/AGRO_00000631; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106189Temperature of air average monthly; OctoberMean temperature in month 10 (October). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvTEMP11NumberdefaultC8.036666667http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/AGRO_00000631; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106191Temperature of air average monthly; NovemberMean temperature in month 11 (November). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvTEMP12NumberdefaultC3.451612903http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/AGRO_00000631; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106192Temperature of air average monthly; DecemberMean temperature in month 12 (December). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvTEMP.MAR.OCTNumberdefaultC12.78698253http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/AGRO_00000628Temperature of air average Mean temperature from March to October. Named as TEMP in the main manuscript. Data derived from the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvPPT1Numberdefaultmm232.2http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001363; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106180Volume of hydrological precipitation; JanuaryPrecipitation in month 1 (January). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvPPT2Numberdefaultmm136.7http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001363; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106181Volume of hydrological precipitation; FebruaryPrecipitation in month 2 (February). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvPPT3Numberdefaultmm89.9http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001363; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106182Volume of hydrological precipitation; MarchPrecipitation in month 3 (March). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvPPT4Numberdefaultmm51.9http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001363; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106183Volume of hydrological precipitation; AprilPrecipitation in month 4 (April). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvPPT5Numberdefaultmm47http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001363; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106184Volume of hydrological precipitation; MayPrecipitation in month 5 (May). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvPPT6Numberdefaultmm15.2http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001363; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106185Volume of hydrological precipitation; JunePrecipitation in month 6 (June). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvPPT7Numberdefaultmm70.3http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001363; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106186Volume of hydrological precipitation; JulyPrecipitation in month 7 (July). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvPPT8Numberdefaultmm14.6http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001363; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106187Volume of hydrological precipitation; AugustPrecipitation in month 8 (August). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvPPT9Numberdefaultmm114.9http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001363; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106188Volume of hydrological precipitation; SeptemberPrecipitation in month 9 (September). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvPPT10Numberdefaultmm73.5http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001363; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106189Volume of hydrological precipitation; OctoberPrecipitation in month 10 (October). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvPPT11Numberdefaultmm85.2http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001363; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106191Volume of hydrological precipitation; NovemberPrecipitation in month 11 (November). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvPPT12Numberdefaultmm108.4http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001363; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106192Volume of hydrological precipitation; DecemberPrecipitation in month 12 (December). Data provided by the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvPPT.MAR.OCTNumberdefaultmm477.3http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001363Volume of hydrological precipitationPrecipitation from March to October. Named as PPT in the main manuscript. Data derived from the UK Meteorological Office at North Wyke data_source_segura.csvmow.lateNumberdefaultN/A0Number of pasture mowing events in summer (approximately July and August). Name as mow.summer in the main manuscript. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016) data_source_segura.csvmow.earlyNumberdefaultN/A0Number of pasture mowing events in spring (approximately May and June). Name as mow.spring in the main manuscript. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016) data_source_segura.csvgrazingStringdefaultN/AsheepPredominant grazing activity on the field over the year. Factor with 3 levels for the type of grazing animal: sheep, cattle, ungrazed. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016) data_source_segura.csvOlsenP.mg.l.okNumberdefaultmg/L15.53333333Soil available phosphorus at 0-10 cm soil depth by Olsen method in the Mar to Oct period. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016). Mean of all measurements made within the field and in the year, where applicable. data_source_segura.csvTNNumberdefault% DM0.526666667http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_09000017concentration of nitrogen atom in soilSoil total nitrogen measured at 0-10 cm soil depth in the soil surveys in the March to October period. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016). Mean of all measurements made within the field and in the year, where applicable. data_source_segura.csvpHNumberdefaultN/A5.966666667http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_09200010Acidity of soilSoil pH measured at 0-10 cm soil depth in the soil surveys in the March to October period. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016). Mean of all measurements made within the field and in the year, where applicable. data_source_segura.csvavK.mg.lNumberdefaultmg/L105Available potassium measured at 0-10 cm soil depth in the soil surveys in the March to October period. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016). Mean of all measurements made within the field and in the year, where applicable. data_source_segura.csvfertStringdefaultN/Ayeshttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33287fertilizerWhether inorganic (chemical) fertilizer was applied in the current year. Factor with 2 levels: yes, no. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016) data_source_segura.csvplough.yes.noStringdefaultN/AnoIndicates whether the land was ploughed during the previous calendar year. Factor with 2 levels: yes, no. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016) data_source_segura.csvplough.yearNumberdefaultN/AnoIndicates whether the land was ploughed during the current calendar year. Factor with 2 levels: yes, no. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016) data_source_segura.csvveg.coverStringdefaultN/AgrassVegetation cover of the field. Factor with 6 levels: grass (ryegrass), high sugar grass, high sugar grass + clover, festololium, festololium + clover, arable. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016) data_source_segura.csvland.coverStringdefaultN/Agrasslandhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001790Terrestrial ecosystemFactor with 2 levels: grassland (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001206), arable (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001244). Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016) data_source_segura.csvyr.after.ploughIntegerdefaultN/A0Number of years since the most recent ploughing of the field. If the field was ploughed in the calendar year, this will therefore be 0. If the field is permanent pasture, or is yet to be ploughed since the 1995 baseline, the value is also 0. The value is 1 in the year following ploughing (provided it isn't reploughed). Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016) data_source_segura.csvyrs.withoutIntegerdefaultN/A1Number of years without ploughing. If the land was ploughed in the calendar year, the value refers to the number of years to the previous ploughing event. 1995 is taken as the baseline (value = 1 in 1995) due to lack of certainty about when ploughing occurred prior to this date. Data derived from NWFP Data Portal (Orr et al., 2016)